Caught-in or betweenOSHA Focus Four

Pinch points and caught-in or between

Hands, limbs, or whole bodies caught in machinery, crushed between equipment and a fixed object, or buried by collapsing material. Caught-in or between is one of OSHA's Focus Four construction hazards.

Where it shows up

  • Hands at the point of operation on saws and benders
  • Workers pinned between equipment and a wall
  • Rotating shafts and augers
  • Setting forms, pipe, or precast panels
  • Trench cave-ins

Controls, most effective first

Work down the list. Rely on PPE only for the risk the controls above it cannot remove.

LevelControl
EngineeringGuards in place on belts, gears, shafts, and blades
Barricade the swing radius of cranes and excavators
Use tools or push sticks to keep hands clear
AdministrativeLock out equipment before clearing jams or doing maintenance
Agree on hand signals before setting heavy pieces
No loose clothing, jewelry, or long hair near rotating parts
PPEGloves that fit, kept away from rotating parts

PPE to list on the JHA

Work glovesSafety-toe bootsHard hat1926.100

OSHA standards

CitationTitle
29 CFR 1926.300General requirements (tools)
29 CFR 1926.1424Work area control

Federal OSHA construction standards. State plans can be stricter, and owners or contracts can add requirements. This page is general information. Check the full standard for your work.

Related hazards